The philosophy of biology emerged as an independent branch of the philosophy of science under the influence of a handful of academic philosophers, mostly from North America, in the 1970s. This opened the door to an international exchange of ideas in the more speculative and controversial aspects of biology.
Of special interest have been philosophical question in taxonomy, evolutionary theory, genetics and the relation between the ‘hard’ sciences of mathematics, physics, and chemistry, the ‘soft’ biological sciences, and the ‘even softer’ social sciences, also problems in the philosophy of mind.
The following is a list of a few introductory student text books.
English
Arabic
Chinese (Simplified)
Dutch
French
German
Italian
Portuguese
Russian
Spanish